Commands
8 methods用于容器和镜像生命周期的顶层 docker 子命令。
FROM image[:tag] [AS stage]从镜像创建新容器并启动，运行给定命令。
Parameters
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| image | string | Base image name. |
| tag | string | Image tag (defaults to latest). |
| stage | string | Optional name for a multi-stage build stage. |
Returns
void
Example
docker
FROM node:18-alpine AS builderRUN <command> | RUN ["exec", "arg1", ...]从给定路径或 URL 中的 Dockerfile 构建镜像。
Parameters
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| command | string | Shell command (shell form) or JSON array (exec form). |
Returns
void
Example
docker
RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y curl gitCOPY [--chown=user:group] src... dest从注册表下载镜像并本地存储。
Parameters
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| src | string | string[] | Source path(s) in the build context. |
| dest | string | Absolute or relative destination inside the container. |
| --chown | string | Optional user:group ownership for the copied files. |
Returns
void
Example
docker
COPY --chown=node:node ./src ./app/srcWORKDIR path将本地镜像上传到注册表。
Parameters
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| path | string | Absolute path; created if it does not exist. |
Returns
void
Example
docker
WORKDIR /app
RUN pwd # /appENV KEY=VALUE列出容器。默认仅显示运行中的容器。
Parameters
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| KEY | string | Variable name. |
| VALUE | string | Variable value. |
Returns
void
Example
docker
ENV NODE_ENV=productionEXPOSE port[/protocol]在运行中的容器内运行新命令。
Parameters
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| port | number | TCP/UDP port number. |
| protocol | string | Optional 'tcp' (default) or 'udp'. |
Returns
void
Example
docker
EXPOSE 8080/tcpCMD ["exec", "arg1", ...] | CMD command arg1 ...打印容器的 stdout/stderr 日志。
Parameters
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| exec | string | Executable to run. |
| args | string[] | Arguments passed to the executable. |
Returns
void
Example
docker
CMD ["node", "server.js"]ENTRYPOINT ["exec", "arg1", ...]Configures the executable that always runs when the container starts. CMD arguments are appended.
Parameters
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| exec | string | Executable to run. |
| args | string[] | Fixed arguments appended to the executable. |
Returns
void
Example
docker
ENTRYPOINT ["/usr/bin/node", "server.js"]