Programming Basics
12 lessons
Start from zero. Learn what programming is, how code works, and the core concepts every developer needs.
- 1
What Is Programming?
Learn what programming is, why it matters, and how creating software differs from just using it.
- 2
What Is Code?
Understand what source code is, how it differs from machine code, and why we use programming languages.
- 3
How Programs Work
Learn how a program runs step by step, what execution order means, and how programs make decisions.
- 4
Variables
Learn what variables are, how to create them, and how they store data your program can reuse.
- 5
Data Types
Understand strings, numbers, booleans, and more — the fundamental kinds of data every program works with.
- 6
Conditions (if/else)
Learn how programs make decisions with if, else if, and else — the foundation of branching logic.
- 7
Loops (for & while)
Learn how loops repeat code automatically — for loops for counted repeats and while loops for conditional ones.
- 8
Functions
Learn how functions bundle reusable code, take inputs, and return outputs — the building blocks of programs.
- 9
Arrays
Learn how arrays store ordered lists of values, how to access items by index, and how to loop over them.
- 10
Objects
Learn how objects group related data with keys and values — the most common way to structure information.
- 11
Errors
Learn what errors are, the difference between syntax and runtime errors, and how to handle them gracefully.
- 12
Debugging Basics
Learn practical debugging techniques — print debugging, reading stack traces, and forming hypotheses to fix bugs.
Build real projects
Apply what you learned by building guided projects with starter code and solutions.
Decode error messages
Plain-English explanations of common errors — what they mean, why they happen, and how to fix them.